The large area, clear skies, and exceptional flatness of the surface make the Salar ideal for calibrating the altimeters of Earth observation satellites. The crust serves as a source of salt and covers a pool of brine, which is exceptionally rich in lithium. It is now covered by a few meters of salt crust, which has an extraordinary flatness with the average elevation variations within one meter over the entire area of the Salar. The Salar was formed as a result of transformations between several prehistoric lakes that existed around forty thousand years ago but had all evaporated over time. It is in the Daniel Campos Province in Potosí in southwest Bolivia, near the crest of the Andes at an elevation of 3,656 m (11,995 ft) above sea level. Beachesīeaches are formed from deposits of sediment.Salar de Uyuni (or "Salar de Tunupa") is the world's largest salt flat, or playa, at over 10,000 square kilometres (3,900 sq mi) in area. Water movement slows down and so more material is deposited. The zone behind a spit becomes a sheltered area. Salt marshes may be formed behind a spit. It is fed by the movement of material from the erosion of the Holderness Coast to the north. They start to form where there is a change in the direction of the coastline.Īn example of a spit is Spurn Head, north of the Humber Estuary in the north east of England. Ī spit is an extended stretch of beach material that only joins the mainland at one end. Spits are also caused by deposition - they are features that are formed by the process of longshore drift. This creates a zig-zag movement of sediment along the beach.Backwash carries sediment down the beach with gravity – at right angles to the beach.Swash carries sediment up the beach at an angle.Longshore drift is a process of transportation that shifts eroded material along the coastline. Material that has been eroded from the coast is transported by the sea and later put down. Deposition occurs when the sea has less energy, eg in sheltered bays.
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